Ngokuvela kancane kancane “kokukhathazeka ngokunakekelwa kwabadala” kwentsha kanye nokuqwashisa komphakathi okwandayo, abantu sebefuna ukwazi ngemboni yokunakekela asebekhulile, kanti nemali eningi iye yangena. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, umbiko wabikezela ukuthi abantu abadala baseShayina bazokweseka inhlangano yokunakekela asebekhulile. imboni yokunakekela abantu abadala. Imakethe yezigidigidi zamadola esezoqhuma. Ukunakekela asebekhulile imboni lapho ukunikezwa kungakwazi ukuhambisana nesidingo.
Amathuba amasha.
Ngo-2021, imakethe yesiliva e-China yayilinganiselwa ku-10 trillion yuan, futhi iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye kubantu asebekhulile eShayina lilinganiselwa ku-9.4%, lidlula izinga lokukhula lezimboni eziningi. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu kuqagela, ngo-2025, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwabantu abadala e-China sizofinyelela ku-25,000 yuan, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke sifinyelele ku-39,000 yuan ngo-2030.
Ngokolwazi oluvela eMnyangweni Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, usayizi wemakethe yasekhaya yokunakekela asebekhulile uzodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-20 ngo-2030. Ikusasa lemboni yokunakekela asebekhulile yaseShayina inamathemba abanzi entuthuko.
Ukuthuthukisa ithrendi
1.Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezinkulu.
Mayelana nesakhiwo sokuthuthukiswa, ukugxila kufanele kusuke ekugcizeleleni imboni yezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwabadala kugcizelele imboni yezinsizakalo zokunakekela asebekhulile. Ngokwesiqinisekiso esiqondisiwe, kufanele ishintshe isuke ekunikezeni usizo kuphela kubantu abadala abangenamali, abangenakho ukusekela, abangenabantwana, baye ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo kubo bonke abantu asebekhulile emphakathini. Mayelana nokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ezikhungweni, kugcizelelwa kufanele kusuke ezikhungweni zokunakekela asebekhulile ezingenzi nzuzo kuye kumodeli lapho izikhungo zokunakekela asebekhulile ezenza inzuzo nezingenzi nzuzo zihlala ndawonye. Mayelana nokuhlinzekwa kwezidingongqangi, le ndlela kumele isuke ekuhlinzekeni ngqo kukahulumeni izinsiza zokunakekela asebekhulile iye ekuthengeni kukahulumeni izinsiza zokunakekela asebekhulile.
2.Ukuhumusha kanje
Amamodeli okunakekela abantu asebekhulile ezweni lakithi awamnandi kakhulu. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, izikhungo zokunakekela asebekhulile ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amakhaya ezenhlalakahle, amakhaya asebekhulile, izikhungo zabadala, namafulethi asebekhulile. Izinsizakalo zokunakekela asebekhulile ezisekelwe emphakathini ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izikhungo zesevisi yabadala, amanyuvesi aphezulu, namakilabhu aphezulu. Amamodeli wamanje wesevisi yokunakekelwa kwabadala angacatshangelwa kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sokuthuthuka. Kusukela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwamazwe aseNtshonalanga athuthukile, ukuthuthukiswa kwawo kuzothuthukisa, kwenziwe ngokukhethekile, kufane, kwenziwe kube ngokwejwayelekile, futhi kuhleleke kahle imisebenzi nezinhlobo zesevisi.
Isibikezelo Semakethe
Ngokwezibikezelo zemithombo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise neZizwe Ezihlangene, iNational Population and Family Planning Commission, iKomiti Kazwelonke Yokuguga, nezinye izazi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani labantu asebekhulile eChina lizokwanda ngesilinganiso sezigidi eziyishumi ngonyaka 2015 kuya ku-2035. Njengamanje, izinga lamakhaya asebekhulile angenalutho ezindaweni zasemadolobheni selifinyelele ku-70%. Kusukela ngowezi-2015 kuya kowezi-2035, iShayina izongena esigabeni sokuguga ngokushesha, lapho inani labantu abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu likhuphuka lisuka ezigidini ezingama-214 liya ezigidini ezingama-418, okubalelwa ku-29% yenani eliphelele labantu.
Inqubo yokuguga yaseShayina iyakhula ngesivinini, futhi ukushoda kwezinsiza zokunakekela asebekhulile sekuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu yezenhlalo. I-China ingene esigabeni sokuguga ngokushesha. Nokho, yonke into inezinhlangothi ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuguga kwenani labantu nakanjani kuzoletha ingcindezi ekuthuthukisweni kwezwe. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyinselele nethuba. Inani elikhulu labantu asebekhulile lizoqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yokunakekela asebekhulile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-29-2023
