Njengoba kuvela kancane kancane "ukukhathazeka ngokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile" kwentsha kanye nokwanda kokuqwashisa komphakathi, abantu sebenesifiso sokwazi ngemboni yokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile, futhi nemali nayo ingenile. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, umbiko wabikezela ukuthi asebekhulile eShayina bazosekela imboni yokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile. Imakethe yama-trillion dollar esezoqhuma. Ukunakekelwa kwasebekhulile kuyimboni lapho ukuhlinzekwa kungenakukwazi ukuhambisana nesidingo.
Amathuba amasha.
Ngo-2021, imakethe yesiliva eShayina yayicishe ibe yi-yuan eyizigidigidi eziyi-10, futhi iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Izinga lokukhula elijwayelekile lokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile eShayina licishe libe ngu-9.4%, lidlula izinga lokukhula kwezimboni eziningi. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu kubikezela, ngo-2025, isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye kwabantu asebekhulile eShayina sizofinyelela ku-yuan ezingama-25,000, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphukele ku-yuan ezingama-39,000 ngo-2030.
Ngokusho kwedatha evela kuMnyango Wezimboni Nobuchwepheshe Bolwazi, usayizi wemakethe yemboni yokunakekelwa kwabadala yasekhaya uzodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20 ngo-2030. Ikusasa lemboni yokunakekelwa kwabadala yaseShayina linamathuba amaningi entuthuko.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesitayela
1. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezinkulu.
Ngokuphathelene nokuhlelwa kwentuthuko, ukugxila kufanele kusuke ekugcizeleleni imboni yezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile kuye ekugcizeleleni imboni yezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile. Ngokuphathelene nesiqinisekiso esiqondiwe, kufanele kusuke ekuhlinzekeni usizo kubantu asebekhulile kuphela abangenayo imali engenayo, abangenayo ukwesekwa, nabangenabantwana, kuye ekuhlinzekeni izinsizakalo kubo bonke asebekhulile emphakathini. Ngokuphathelene nokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile kwezikhungo, ukugcizelelwa kufanele kusuke ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ezingenzi nzuzo kuye kumodeli lapho izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ezingenzi nzuzo nezingenzi nzuzo zihlala khona. Ngokuphathelene nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, indlela kufanele isuke ekuhlinzekweni ngqo kwezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile nguhulumeni iye ekuthengweni kukahulumeni kwezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile.
2. Ukuhumusha kungokulandelayo
Amamodeli okunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ezweni lethu ayacasula. Ezindaweni zasemadolobheni, izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ngokuvamile zifaka amakhaya ezenhlalakahle, amakhaya asebekhulile, izikhungo zasebekhulile, kanye namafulethi asebekhulile. Izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile ezisekelwe emphakathini ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa izikhungo zezinsizakalo zasebekhulile, amanyuvesi asebekhulile, kanye namakilabhu asebekhulile. Amamodeli ezinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile angacatshangelwa kuphela esigabeni sokuqala sentuthuko. Ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lwamazwe aseNtshonalanga athuthukile, intuthuko yayo izothuthukisa, ikhethe, ifane, ijwayele, futhi ihlele imisebenzi nezinhlobo zezinsizakalo.
Isibikezelo Semakethe
Ngokusho kwezibikezelo zemithombo eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa iZizwe Ezihlangene, iKhomishini Kazwelonke Yokuhlela Abantu Nomndeni, iKomidi Likazwelonke Lokuguga, kanye nezinye izazi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani labantu asebekhulile baseShayina lizokhula ngesilinganiso esingaba yizigidi eziyi-10 ngonyaka kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2035. Njengamanje, izinga lemindeni yabantu asebekhulile engenalutho ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lifinyelele ku-70%. Kusukela ngo-2015 kuya ku-2035, iShayina izongena esigabeni sokuguga okusheshayo, lapho inani labantu abaneminyaka engu-60 nangaphezulu likhuphuka lisuka ku-214 million liya ku-418 million, okubalwa u-29% wabantu bonke.
Inqubo yokuguga yaseShayina iyanda, futhi ukushoda kwezinsiza zokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile sekuyinkinga enkulu emphakathini. IShayina ingene esigabeni sokuguga okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, yonke into inezinhlangothi ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuguga kwabantu kuzoletha ingcindezi entuthukweni yezwe. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyinselele futhi kuyithuba. Inani elikhulu labantu asebekhulile lizoqhuba intuthuko yemakethe yokunakekelwa kwasebekhulile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-29-2023
